Cognitive radio targets convergence
Cognitive Radio Technology, 2nd ed., by Bruce A. Fette (editor). Elsevier Academic Press (elsevierdirect.com), 2009. 828 pages. $80.
Rick Nelson, Editor in Chief -- Test & Measurement World, 2/1/2010 2:00:00 AM
Cognitive radio stands poised to revolutionize the way we acquire information wirelessly. As Bruce A. Fette puts it in Cognitive Radio Technology, “A cognitive radio (CR) is the convergence of many pagers, PDAs, cell phones, and array of other single-purpose gadgets we use today.” In the process of helping users with this convergence of functionality, CR will help wireless networks by performing spectrum management and optimization tasks to minimize spectral congestion. In addition to dealing with external conditions such as available spectrum and interference, a CR can adapt to internal characteristics, such as low battery and component failure.
As described in the book, CR will build on SDR (software-defined-radio) technology, in which parameters like carrier frequency, modulation, voice and video coding, error correction, and network access are controlled by software. The book looks forward to the expansion of SDR into spectrum-aware CR with respect to governmental and technological issues. The book presents this example that ties the two together: The US, Japan, and Europe have different spectral and EIRP (effective isotropic radiated power) rules for radios operating in 2.4-GHz and 5-GHz unlicensed bands. That presents radio manufacturers with unattractive options: They can make three models (one for each region), they can make one model with a switch to select in what region each unit will be sold, or they can build an overly constrained version that meets the requirements of all three regions. As a better alternative, a CR will determine which region it finds itself in and make adjustments for optimum performance in that region.
Cognitive Radio Technology doesn’t have much to say about the necessary test-and-measurement instrumentation, but the “Cognitive Radio Performance Analysis” chapter explains how CR deals with static devices as well as other CRs in its environment. It presents traditional engineering analysis techniques as well as game theory as applied to CR, presenting a version of the prisoners’ dilemma in which two CRs attempt to maximize their own throughput.
The final chapter suggests that the most significant challenges to CR deployment lie at the boundary between the technical community and the regulatory community. Cognitive Radio Technology is a useful reference to have on hand as the issues get sorted out.
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